{"id":1063,"date":"2022-04-11T15:10:55","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T13:10:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/indikator\/fauna\/marine-fauna\/bestanden-av-ungsild-i-barentshavet\/"},"modified":"2025-04-01T13:47:56","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T11:47:56","slug":"bestanden-av-ungsild-i-barentshavet","status":"publish","type":"bc_indicator","link":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/indikator\/fauna\/marine-fauna\/bestanden-av-ungsild-i-barentshavet\/","title":{"rendered":"Stock of young herring in the Barents Sea"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-sizing-small\">Last updated 25 October 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The herring (<em>Clupea harengus<\/em>) stock in the Barents Sea is now at a low level, after a temporary rise due to a strong year class in 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"450\" src=\"http:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933-1024x384.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mosj.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/dsc-7933-684x257.jpg 684w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Photo: Kjartan M\u00e6stad \/ Institute of Marine Research<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-white-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-sizing-medium\">What is being monitored?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-mosj-yellow-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-mosj-yellow-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-sizing-medium\">Biomass of young herring in the Barents Sea<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wdt-wrapper-chart-loader\" data-id=\"172\"\n     style=\"height: 500px;\">\n    <div class=\"wdt-main-item\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-chart-animated-background\" style=\"height: 125px\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left wdt-chart-one\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-2\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-3\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-4 wdt-chart-three\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-5\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-6\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-7 \"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-8\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"wdt-chart-animated-background\" style=\"height: 125px\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-2 wdt-chart-two\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-3\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-4\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-5 wdt-chart-four\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-6\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-7\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-8\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"wdt-chart-animated-background\" style=\"height: 125px\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-2\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-3\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-4\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-5\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-6 wdt-chart-five\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-7\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-8\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"wdt-chart-animated-background\" style=\"height: 125px\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-2\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-3\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-4\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-5\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-6\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-7\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker wdt-btn-divide-left-8\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"wdt-static-background\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-background-masker\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style>\n    \n<\/style>    <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n        if (typeof (wpDataCharts) == 'undefined') wpDataCharts = {};\n        wpDataCharts[172] = {\n            render_data: {\"wdtNumberFormat\":\"1\",\"options\":{\"title\":{\"text\":\"Biomass index for young herring 1\\u20133 years in the Barents Sea\",\"floating\":false,\"align\":\"center\"},\"series\":[{\"type\":\"\",\"name\":\"1-year-olds\",\"color\":\"\",\"label\":\"1-year-olds\",\"orig_header\":\"1year\",\"data\":[406,984,34,148,1,48.4,34.5,3,36.2,202.2,62,5.7,130.5,820,null,172,null,80.8]},{\"type\":\"\",\"name\":\"2-year-old\",\"color\":\"\",\"label\":\"2-year-old\",\"orig_header\":\"2years\",\"data\":[2725,1055,398,218,77,51.8,33.7,105.5,65.5,321.6,126,529.8,126.2,141,null,15.1,13,10.1]},{\"type\":\"\",\"name\":\"3-year-old\",\"color\":\"\",\"label\":\"3-year-old\",\"orig_header\":\"3years\",\"data\":[107,795,211,810,287,287,37,0.8,194.8,12.5,842,285.4,389.5,412,null,756,189,39.5]}],\"xAxis\":{\"categories\":[\"2004\",\"2005\",\"2006\",\"2007\",\"2008\",\"2009\",\"2010\",\"2011\",\"2012\",\"2013\",\"2014\",\"2015\",\"2016\",\"2017\",\"2018\",\"2019\",\"2020\",\"2021\"],\"crosshair\":false},\"chart\":{\"backgroundColor\":\"\",\"borderWidth\":0,\"borderColor\":\"\",\"borderRadius\":0,\"zoomType\":\"none\",\"panning\":false,\"panKey\":\"shift\",\"plotBackgroundColor\":\"\",\"plotBackgroundImage\":\"\",\"plotBorderColor\":\"\",\"plotBorderWidth\":0,\"inverted\":false},\"yAxis\":{\"gridLineDashStyle\":\"solid\",\"title\":{\"text\":\"Biomass index\"},\"crosshair\":false},\"subtitle\":{\"text\":\"\",\"align\":\"center\"},\"tooltip\":{\"enabled\":true,\"backgroundColor\":\"rgba(255,255,255,0.85)\",\"borderWidth\":\"1\",\"borderColor\":\"\",\"borderRadius\":\"3\",\"shared\":true,\"valuePrefix\":\"\",\"valueSuffix\":\"\"},\"legend\":{\"enabled\":true,\"backgroundColor\":\"\",\"title\":{\"text\":\"\"},\"layout\":\"horizontal\",\"align\":\"center\",\"verticalAlign\":\"bottom\",\"borderWidth\":\"0\",\"borderColor\":\"\",\"borderRadius\":\"0\"},\"exporting\":{\"enabled\":true,\"chartOptions\":{\"plotOptions\":{\"series\":{\"dataLabels\":{\"enabled\":false}}}},\"filename\":\"\",\"width\":\"\",\"buttons\":{\"contextButton\":{\"align\":\"right\",\"verticalAlign\":\"top\",\"symbolStroke\":\"#666\",\"text\":\"\"}}},\"credits\":{\"enabled\":true,\"href\":\"\",\"text\":\"Data: Institute of Marine Research\"}},\"type\":\"highcharts_stacked_column_chart\",\"height\":500},\n            engine: \"highcharts\",\n            type: \"highcharts_stacked_column_chart\",\n            title: \"Biomass index for young herring 1\u20133 years in the Barents Sea\",\n            container: \"wpDataChart_172\",\n            follow_filtering: 0,\n            wpdatatable_id: 174,\n            group_chart: 0        }\n    <\/script>\n\n    <div id=\"wpDataChart_172\" class=\"highcharts_stacked_column_chart\" style=\"width: 100%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-mini\">The graph shows the distribution of the year classes of juvenile herring (1-year-olds, 2-year-olds and 3-year-olds) in the Barents Sea, shown as a biomass index. Missing data implies that the herring index was not calculated for 2018. <br>(<em>Cite these data: Institute of Marine Research (2022). Biomass index for young herring 1\u20133 years in the Barents Sea. Environmental monitoring of Svalbard and Jan Mayen (MOSJ). URL: https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/fauna\/marine\/young-herring-population.html<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"false\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><h2 id=\"at-10631\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">Details on these data<\/h2><div id=\"ac-10631\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Last updated<\/strong><\/td><td>25 October 2022<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Update interval<\/strong><\/td><td>Annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Next update<\/strong><\/td><td>March 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Commissioning organization<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.regjeringen.no\/en\/dep\/nfd\/id709\/\">Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fishery<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Executive organization<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.imr.no\/eng\">Institute of Marine Research<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Contact persons<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/www.imr.no\/om_havforskningsinstituttet\/ansatte\/s\/erling_kare_stenevik\/en\">Erling Stenevik<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hi.no\/hi\/om-oss\/ansatte\/gro-van-der-meeren\/en\">Gro van der Meeren<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Method<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The data is presented as a biomass index. It is an index calculated based on research cruices measuring the amount of fish using sonar recordings combined with trawl samples of the fish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other metadata<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\"><a href=\"http:\/\/standardgraphs.ices.dk\/stockList.aspx\">Fish stock assessment data<\/a>&nbsp;are available at the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reference level and action level<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">Historical levels<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Status and trend<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The data for young herring are presented as a biomass index. It is an index that is calculated based on research cruices that measure the amount of fish using sonar recordings combined with trawl samples of the fish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">In 2017, a lot of 1-year olds were observed, and the biomass index for the 2016-year class was the highest since the year class of 2004 was measured as 1-year olds in 2005. High biomass index for the 2016 year class was further confirmed in 2019,- now as a relatively high estimate of 3-year olds. Due to lack of coverage, no herring index was calculated for 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The quantity of young herring is mainly connected with factors like the population size of the spawning stock, and physiological as ecological conditions in the Norwegian Sea. Conditions in the Barents Sea will significantly influence the growth and mortality of the individual year class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">A large quantity of young herring in the Barents Sea is an important ecological factor. The herring in the Barents Sea prey on capelin larvae, and the growth of the capelin stock is poorer when there is a strong stock of young herring in the Barents Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">Capelin is considered a keystone species significantly affecting the ecosystems. Herring is therefore also a key ecosystem player, even if it only stays in the Barents Sea when young and migrate before maturation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The amount of young herring can also affect cod. Cod eat herring, but stomach samples shows that herring only partially replaces capelin as food for cod. When large quantities of juvenile herring are present in the Barents Sea, growth of the cod stock in the Barents Sea will therefore be reduced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Causal factors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">Young herring in the Barents Sea are affected by many factors such as the sea temperature,&nbsp;the availability of food and the occurrence of capelin and cod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The herring fishery mainly takes place outside of the Barents Sea. The young herring in the Barents Sea are protected by international agreements and are harvested to a very limited extent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The Norwegian spring-spawning herring stock suffered a collapse around 1970 due to heavy overfishing. In 1972, the spawning stock was so low that only&nbsp;two herring&nbsp;larvae&nbsp;were found during the annual larvae estimation cruise along the entire Norwegian coast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Consequences<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">Recruitment to the herring stock will vary greatly from year to year. It is now little young herring in the Barents Sea after the numerous 2016-year class has largely left the Barents Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About the monitoring<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-sizing-medium\">The indicator describes the amount of herring that are 1-3 years old, and how this change over time. The amount of herring from this age group is considered as a good starting point for assessing the amount of immature herring in the Barents Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-light-grey-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Places and areas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/placenames.npolar.no\/stadnamn\/Barentshavet?ident=737&amp;lang=en\">Barents Sea<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-light-grey-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relations to other monitoring<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-sizing-medium\">Monitoring programme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.npolar.no\/no\/arktis\/barentshavet\/forvaltningsplan\/\">Advisory group on monitoring<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-sizing-medium\">International environmental agreements<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jointfish.com\/eng\">JointFish \u2013 The Joint Russian-Norwegian Fisheries Commission<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ices.dk\/Pages\/default.aspx\">International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-sizing-medium\">Voluntary international cooperation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>None<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-sizing-medium\">Related monitoring<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>None<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Further reading<a href=\"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/fauna\/marine\/zooplankton-species-composition.html#refs\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-light-grey-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-sizing-medium\">Links<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/miljostatus.miljodirektoratet.no\/miljomal\/havindikatorer\/barentshavet\/fiskebestander\/ungsild-i-barentshavet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">About young herring biomass and distribution&nbsp;<em>(in Norwegian)<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hi.no\/en\/hi\/temasider\/species\/herring\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facts about the Norwegian spring-spawning herring<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":62588,"parent":1024,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-1063","bc_indicator","type-bc_indicator","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1063","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bc_indicator"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63675,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1063\/revisions\/63675"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1024"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}