{"id":1234,"date":"2022-04-11T14:51:37","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T12:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/indikator\/influence\/forurensning\/"},"modified":"2024-05-06T12:39:40","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T10:39:40","slug":"pollution","status":"publish","type":"bc_indicator","link":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/indikator\/influence\/pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"Pollution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Pollutants in the Arctic are mainly transported from southerly latitudes by winds, ocean currents and rivers. Many of the substances are transferred through nutrition, from the lower levels on the food chain, such as polar cod and capelin, to the higher trophic levels. Thus, species at the top of the marine food chain, such as polar bears and glaucous gulls, accumulate high concentrations of pollutants. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many of the substances also bind to fat, and arctic species typically build up fat reserves to protect them from the cold and give them a source of energy when food is scarce. When they consume this fat, the pollutants are released into their blood stream. So despite the fact that the air and the water are cleaner in the Arctic than further south, even though damaging effects may occur in top-predators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The pollution indicators are currently not being updated due to ongoing revision of these.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in capelin<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Capelin (Mallotus villosus<\/em>) is an important species in the ecosystem of the Barents Sea and pollutants in capelin would rapidly be transferred upwards in the food chain. Capelin contain low levels…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Atmospheric transport of pollutants to the Barents Sea<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The transport of environmental pollutants to the Barents Sea occurs primarily by means of air and ocean currents, but inflows from rivers, run-off…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in Arctic foxes<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

In Svalbard, the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus<\/em>) is a top predator and carrion eater feeding on the terrestrial and marine food chains. The Arctic fox is exposed to high levels of pollutants. Monitoring of…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Beach litter in Svalbard<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Large quantities of litter are entering our oceans, and litter is all too apparent on beaches, in the water and on the seabed. Severe injuries and suffering can be inflicted on animals when…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

PCB in bottom sediments near the settlements in Svalbard<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The levels of PCB in surface soil in the Russian settlements in Svalbard are considerable. There is a legitimate risk that the contamination may spread further out into the fjords, and assimilate in…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in Br\u00fcnnich\u2019s guillemots<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The population of Br\u00fcnnich\u2019s guillemot (Uria lomvia<\/em>) is in steep decline. This species feeds on a range of key stone species in the ecosystem and serves as an important indicator of the state…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in polar bears<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The total stress of pollutants in polar bears (Ursus maritimus<\/em>) in Svalbard is dominated by fat-soluble organic pollutants, their metabolites and perfluorinated compounds. Polar bears are…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in ringed seals<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Moderate levels of contaminants are found in ringed seals (Pusa hispida<\/em>) from Svalbard. Ringed seals are the polar bear’s main prey, and moderate pollutant levels in ringed seals may contribute…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in harbour seals<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The harbour seal (Phoca vitulina<\/em>) is a top predator and lives mostly on fish. This puts it at risk for high levels of pollutants. The harbour seal is a coastal seal species which has one of the widest ranges…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in char<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Pollutant levels in char (Salvelinus alpinus<\/em>) are generally low in the Arctic. Some of the highest PCB values in arctic freshwater fish are, nevertheless, measured in stationary char…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Radioactivity in fish<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Caesium-137 (Cs-137) is a radioactive substance with a half-life of about 30 years. Cs-137 is soluble in sea water and mainly follows the ocean currents. It can attach to sediment. It is necessary to…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollution in polar cod<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The polar cod (Boreogadus saida<\/em>) feeds on large plankton, and is an important food item for other fish such as cod, and for seals, whales and sea birds. Tests taken during the last few years…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in glaucous gulls<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

The glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus<\/em>) is at the top of the food chain and exposed to excessively high amounts of persistent organic pollutants. It is the most abundant of the large gulls in the Arctic…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInfluence  <\/i> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tPollution  <\/i>  \n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t

Pollutants in lake sediments<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t

Pollutant levels in lake sediments are generally low in the Arctic. They are classified as insignificantly to moderately polluted. Sediment cores from Ellasj\u00f8en, a lake on Bj\u00f8rn\u00f8ya, show an increase…<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n \t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":525,"parent":1012,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-1234","bc_indicator","type-bc_indicator","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bc_indicator"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63159,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1234\/revisions\/63159"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bc_indicator\/1012"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosj.no\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}